Family Socialization and Self-Concept in Pregnant Adolescents, Tomasina Valdez Hospital, 2021-2022

Abstract

Family socialization is important for individual development. The different styles that parents use when relating impact adolescents' identity, self-concept, and self-esteem. A mixed, observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive correlational study was conducted on a sample of 30 pregnant adolescents aged 12 to 19 years, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. The purpose was to analyze family socialization styles and self-concept in pregnant adolescents seen in outpatient clinics at Tomasina Valdez Hospital, Dominican Republic, during the 2021-2022 period. The instruments used were an in-depth interview protocol and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data were collected using the Parental Socialization Scale in Adolescence (ESPA-29) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The relationship between variables was determined using Spearman's correlation coefficient and the chi-square test. The results showed no relationship between family socialization styles and self-concept in pregnant adolescents seen in consultations at the Tomasina Valdez Hospital in the Dominican Republic, during the 2021-2022 period. Among the sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that the majority of participants were in late adolescence, with incomplete secondary education, and early marriages. The most frequent family socialization style among mothers was indulgent, perceived by 63% of participants, while among fathers it was neglectful, perceived by 70% of the sample. Both socialization styles share a lack of control and supervision. The most common level of self-concept was low, found in 43% of participants, and the most frequent family was single-parent, headed by mothers, found in 66.7% of the sample.