Long-Term Effects of Covid-19 Clinical and Functional Characterization of Postcovid Syndrome and Approaches to Its Treatment

Abstract

This article reviews the clinical and functional features of postviral syndrome as one of the most relevant consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention is paid to long-term complications that persist in significant patients’ number months after the acute period of infection, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological and psychoemotional disorders. On the basis of generalization of modern clinical observations and results of outpatient examinations, a systematization of symptom complexes forming the picture of the post-acute state is presented. Pathogenetic mechanisms underlying long-term disorders, including chronic inflammation, vascular dysfunction and neurovegetative instability, are assessed. A separate section is devoted to therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the functional reserves of the organism: approaches to drug correction, respiratory rehabilitation, neuropsychological support and multidisciplinary management of patients are included. The conclusion substantiates the need to develop clinical protocols focused on a personalized approach to the treatment of postcoccygeal syndrome and its prevention in risk groups.